Do you wince when you sip on an icy drink or bite into something sweet? Does a breath of cold air send shivers down your spine and through your teeth? If so, you’re likely among the millions of Australians who suffer from sensitive teeth. But don’t despair – relief is possible!
In this detailed guide, we’ll explore the common culprits behind sensitive teeth and, more importantly, equip you with practical strategies to find fast and lasting relief.
Table of Contents
What are Sensitive Teeth?
Sensitive teeth refer to a common dental condition known as dentin hypersensitivity. This occurs when the outer layer of enamel, which protects your teeth, becomes thin, worn down, or damaged. Beneath this hard outer layer lies dentin, a softer tissue containing thousands of tiny tubules that connect directly to the tooth’s nerve.
When enamel wears down or the gums recede, these tiny tubes become exposed. This exposure allows hot, cold, sweet, or acidic substances to reach the nerve directly, resulting in that characteristic sharp, shooting pain associated with tooth sensitivity.
What Causes Sensitive Teeth?
Understanding what causes sensitive teeth is crucial for both prevention and treatment. Several factors can contribute to developing a sensitive tooth or multiple sensitive teeth:
Enamel Erosion
Although tooth enamel is the toughest substance in your body, it can still be worn down or damaged over time. Things like acidic foods and drinks (such as citrus, soft drinks, and wine), vigorous brushing, or even stomach acid from conditions like acid reflux can gradually wear away enamel, leaving the dentin vulnerable.
Gum Recession
Periodontal disease (gum disease) or even aggressive brushing can cause your gums to recede, exposing the root surface of your teeth. The roots are not covered by enamel but by a softer material called cementum, which wears away more easily, leading to sensitive teeth.
Tooth Decay (Cavities)
A cavity is a hole in your tooth’s enamel caused by decay. As the cavity deepens, it can expose the dentin, causing significant sensitive tooth pain.
Cracked or Chipped Teeth
Injuries, bruxism, or biting hard objects are common culprits behind cracked or chipped teeth. These can expose the dentin or even reach the pulp, leading to localised tooth sensitivity.
Worn Fillings
Old or damaged fillings can sometimes become loose or cracked, creating gaps where stimuli can reach the dentin.
Teeth Whitening Products
Some professional and over-the-counter teeth whitening products contain peroxides that can temporarily increase tooth sensitivity.
So, if you’re asking yourself, why is my tooth all of a sudden sensitive? It’s important to consider these potential triggers and speak to your dentist to rule out any underlying issues.
How to Decrease Tooth Sensitivity?
When dealing with sensitive teeth, you want relief fast. Here are several effective strategies to help decrease tooth sensitivity:
Switch to Desensitising Toothpaste
Many toothpastes are specifically formulated for sensitive teeth. These toothpastes often contain compounds like potassium nitrate or strontium chloride, which help block the tiny tubules in the dentin, preventing stimuli from reaching the nerves. Use these products consistently for best results, as benefits build over time.
Modify Your Brushing Technique
Skip the aggressive scrubbing! For effective cleaning that’s gentle on your enamel and gums, always use a soft-bristled toothbrush and brush with gentle, circular motions.
Avoid Extreme Temperature
It’s best to avoid foods and beverages that are very hot or very cold. If you must consume them, using a straw can help reduce contact with sensitive teeth.
Limit Acidic Foods and Drinks
Reducing your intake of highly acidic beverages such as soft drinks, fruit juices, and energy drinks, as well as acidic foods, can help preserve your enamel and prevent further sensitive teeth.
How to Cure Sensitive Teeth? Professional Treatment Options
While home care can provide significant relief, professional treatment often offers the most effective long-term solutions for sensitive teeth. Here are several advanced treatment options:
Fluoride Treatments
Your dentist can directly apply high-concentration fluoride treatments like varnishes or gels to your teeth. This professional-grade fluoride effectively strengthens tooth enamel and helps remineralise areas where enamel has been eroded, significantly reducing tooth sensitivity. Additionally, your dentist may suggest prescription-strength fluoride toothpaste or mouth rinses for daily use at home.
Dental Sealants and Bonding
For areas where enamel has significantly worn away, or where root surfaces are exposed due to gum recession, your dentist can apply protective dental sealants or tooth-coloured bonding materials. These act as a physical barrier, effectively covering the exposed dentin and preventing external stimuli from reaching the sensitive nerves, offering immediate relief for a sensitive tooth.
Gum Grafting
In cases of severe gum recession that exposes large, sensitive root surfaces, a minor surgical procedure called gum grafting might be recommended. This involves taking gum tissue from another part of your mouth (or using donor tissue) and applying it to the receded area, covering the exposed root and eliminating the associated tooth sensitivity.
Root Canal Therapy
For a sensitive tooth that experiences persistent, severe pain and doesn’t respond to other treatments, root canal therapy may be the most effective solution. This procedure targets the tooth’s nerve, effectively removing the root cause of severe sensitivity. While it sounds daunting, it’s a routine procedure that can provide definitive relief for a deeply affected sensitive tooth.
Prevention: Your Best Defence Against Tooth Sensitivity
Preventing sensitive teeth is always preferable to treating them. Implement these preventive measures to protect your oral health:
Keep your teeth and gums in top shape by brushing gently twice a day and flossing every day. Regular dental checkups and professional cleanings help identify and address problems before they cause sensitivity.
Be mindful of your diet, limiting acidic foods and beverages that can erode enamel. If you do consume them, rinse your mouth with water afterwards and wait for some time before brushing.
If you’re a teeth grinder, it’s worth discussing a custom night guard with your dentist. It’s an effective way to safeguard your enamel from the forces of grinding during the night.
When to See Your Dentist
While mild tooth sensitivity can often be managed with home care, certain situations require professional dental attention. Call your dentist if:
- Your sensitivity is severe or persists despite using desensitising products for several weeks
- The pain is focused on just one tooth, as this might signal a cavity or a crack
- You experience sensitivity accompanied by other symptoms like swelling, persistent pain, or visible damage to your teeth
- Your sensitivity suddenly worsens or affects multiple teeth
- Over-the-counter treatments aren’t providing adequate relief
At Parkmore Family Dental, we understand how tooth sensitivity can significantly impact your daily life and overall well-being. Our experienced dental team is committed to identifying the root cause of your sensitive teeth and developing a personalised treatment plan that provides lasting relief.
Don’t let tooth sensitivity stop you from eating the foods you love. Contact Parkmore Family Dental today to schedule a consultation.
